Higher Order Functions and Closures in Python

Hope you all understand ,What is Functions and basics of OOPs. Now, let us understand what is a higher order function….

• A Higher Order function is a function, which is capable of doing any one of the following things:
• It can be functioned as a data and be assigned to a variable.
• It can accept any other function as an argument.
• It can return a function as its result.
• The ability to build Higher order functions, allows a programmer to create Closures, which in turn are used to create Decorators.

Function as a Data

Example :

Function as an Argument

Example:

Returning a Function

Example

• You can observe from the output that the return value of “mainFunc” function is the return value of ‘insideMainFunc’ function i.e ‘Dmusketeer’.

Now focus on below function

• Parenthesis after the insideMainFunc function are removed so that the mainFunc function returns insideMainFunc function.

Closures

In simplest terms, a Closure is a function returned by a higher order function, whose return value depends on the data associated with the higher order function.

Example

Explanation

• You can observe from the example that the closure functions n1 hold the data passed to enclosing function, fullName, during their creation.
• The first closure function, n1 binds the value Dmus to argument fname and when called with an argument lname, it executes the body of lName function and returns the sum of fname and lname.

conclusion

I try to explain higher Order function and closure in simplest form through example. If You find some insight from this article then follow me and share with your friends and Keep Learning……………